Program director
Raynold Ho
Nuclear medicine uses radioactivity to diagnose and treat disease. This medical specialty provides information about both the structure and the function of virtually every major organ system within the body. Nuclear medicine procedures are safe, involve little or no patient discomfort, and do not require the use of anesthesia.
The nuclear medicine technologist is responsible for preparing and administering radio-pharmaceuticals; performing patient-imaging procedures; accomplishing computer processing and image enhancement; analyzing biologic specimens; and providing images, data analysis, and patient information for diagnostic interpretation by the physician health-care team member.
The Bachelor of Science degree with a major in nuclear medicine is a face-to-face program and is completed in 24 to 27 months. In addition to radiation sciences core courses, this program will include CT didactic courses. With the addition of the B.S. degree core, there are now 27 units taught online (less than 25 percent of the program). These courses are given by faculty members experienced in online teaching. Students will interact with the faculty, their classmates, and the content material.
Content for nuclear medicine courses is guided by the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (SNMMI), the Nuclear Medicine Technology Certification Board (NMTCB), and the American Registry of Radiation Technologists (ARRT) content specifications. The content for the computed tomography (CT) courses is guided by the American Society of Radiation Technologists (ASRT), as well as the American Registry of Radiation Technologists (ARRT) specifications. Efforts are also made to assist students in experiencing the core values of Loma Linda University. The state of California requires approximately 1,000 clinical hours in nuclear medicine; this program provides more than 1,550 clinical hours in nuclear medicine, and more than 250 clinical hours in CT procedures and patient care.
During the B.S. degree in nuclear medicine technology program, students take formal coursework along with instruction in the clinical aspects of nuclear medicine. This includes participation, under close supervision, in the actual procedures within the nuclear medicine department.
Students are required to follow the guidelines given by the NMTCB and the ARRT as well as meet required competencies each quarter. Students should accomplish the required competencies in the following areas: skeletal, CNS, cardiovascular, endocrine/exocrine, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, respiratory, radiopharmacy, venipuncture, vital signs, and EKG placement and monitoring. Students will receive more than 1,550 hours of nuclear medicine and 250 hours of CT clinical experience.
By the end of this program, the graduate should be able to:
Upon completion of the certificate requirements, the student is eligible to write the ARRT qualifying examination in nuclear medicine as well as the NMTCB and California (CTNM) certifying examination.
The Nuclear Medicine Technology Program is accredited by the Joint Review Committee on Nuclear Medicine Technology (JRCNMT), 840 West Danforth Road, B1, Edmond, OK 73003; telephone: 405/285-0546; website: www.jrcnmt.org. The program is approved by the California Department of Public Health, Radiologic Health Branch, P.O. Box 942732, Sacramento, CA 94234-7320. Loma Linda University is also accredited by the WASC Senior College and University Commission (WSCUC), 985 Atlantic Avenue, Suite 100, Alameda, CA 94501; telephone: 510/748-9001; fax: 510/748-9797; website: https://www.wscuc.org/contact.
To be eligible for admission to the nuclear medicine program, the applicant must fulfill the following requirements: complete the prerequisite requirements, or be a graduate of an accredited radiologic technology program who has completed the prerequisite requirements in conjunction with that program.
Admission is based on a selective process. In addition to Loma Linda University and School of Allied Health Professions admissions requirements, the applicant must also complete the following requirements:
Applicants must have all of the following certifications completed prior to the beginning of the school year.
Prerequisites are listed as they relate to general education domains. All courses must be completed at an institutionally accredited college or university prior to entering the program. Please note: C- grades are not transferable for credit.
(completed during enrollment at LLU)
Units must be selected from at least three of the following content areas: civilization/history, art, literature, language, philosophy, religion, or general humanities electives. A minimum of 3 quarter units in an area is required to meet a "content area."
To meet the minimum requirement of 96 units quarter units required for matriculation, electives may be selected from the previous four domains. For more information regarding GE requirements for graduation, see LLU general education requirements.
First Year | ||
---|---|---|
Autumn Quarter | ||
RELE 456 | Personal and Professional Ethics | 3 |
RTCH 318 | Imaging Modalities | 2 |
RTCH 464 | Moral Leadership | 3 |
RTCH 491 | Portfolio I | 3 |
RTNM 351 | Principles of Nuclear Medicine I | 4 |
RTNM 351L | Principles of Nuclear Medicine I Laboratory | 1 |
Winter Quarter | ||
RTCH 387 | Writing for Health-Care Professionals | 3 |
RTNM 352 | Principles of Nuclear Medicine II | 4 |
RTNM 352L | Principles of Nuclear Medicine II Laboratory | 1 |
RTNM 353 | Nuclear Medicine Procedures I | 2 |
RTNM 353L | Nuclear Medicine Procedures Laboratory | 1 |
RTNM 364 | Nuclear Medicine Statistics | 3 |
RTNM 430 | Clinical Affiliation Introduction | 1 |
Spring Quarter | ||
RTNM 354 | Nuclear Medicine Procedures II | 2 |
RTNM 354L | Nuclear Medicine Procedures II Laboratory | 1 |
RTNM 357 | Instrumentation I | 4 |
RTNM 357L | Instrumentation I Laboratory | 1 |
RTNM 361 | Radiopharmacy I | 3 |
RTNM 431 | Clinical Affiliation I | 2 |
Second Year | ||
Summer Quarter | ||
AHCJ 318 | Emotional Intelligence and Leadership Skills for Health-Care Professionals | 3 |
RTCH 305 | CT Fundamentals | 2 |
RTNM 358 | Instrumentation II | 4 |
RTNM 358L | Instrumentation II Laboratory | 1 |
RTNM 362 | Radiopharmacy II | 3 |
RTNM 432 | Clinical Affiliation II | 4 |
Autumn Quarter | ||
RELR 409 | Christian Perspectives on Death and Dying | 3 |
RTCH 385 | Radiologic Trends in Health Care | 2 |
RTNM 363 | Nuclear Cardiology | 3 |
RTNM 433 | Clinical Affiliation III | 4 |
RTSI 3672 | Cross-sectional Radiographic Anatomy | 2 |
RTSI 3692 | CT Physics | 2 |
Winter Quarter | ||
RELT 436 | Adventist Heritage and Health | 2 |
RTCH 489 | Effective Communication for Supervisors | 3 |
RTNM 355 | PET/CT | 2 |
RTNM 366 | Medical Informatics | 1 |
RTNM 434 | Clinical Affiliation IV | 4 |
RTSI 3642 | CT Patient Care and Procedures | 2 |
Spring Quarter | ||
RTCH 415 | Radiation Emergency Procedures | 3 |
RTCH 485 | Digital Management in Radiology | 3 |
RTNM 421 | Comprehensive Review of Nuclear Medicine I | 3 |
RTNM 435 | Clinical Affiliation V | 4 |
Third Year | ||
Summer Quarter | ||
RTCH 467 | Management of a Radiologic Service | 3 |
RTCH 4921 | Portfolio II | 3 |
RTNM 422 | Comprehensive Review of Nuclear Medicine II | 3 |
RTNM 436 | Clinical Affiliation VI | 4 |
Total Units: | 117 |
Fulfills service learning requirement
Waived for prior CT certification and/or graduates of LLU’s ASMR program.
First Year | ||
---|---|---|
Summer Quarter | Units | |
AHCJ 326 | Fundamentals of Health Care | 2 |
RTCH 285 | The Principles and Physics of Radiation | 4 |
RTCH 284 | Basic Imaging | 3 |
RTMR 284 | Radiation Protection and Biology | 2 |
RTMR 224 | Legal Issues in Medical Radiography | 1 |
Autumn Quarter | ||
RELE 456 | Personal and Professional Ethics | 3 |
RTCH 318 | Imaging Modalities | 2 |
RTCH 464 | Moral Leadership | 3 |
RTCH 491 | Portfolio I | 3 |
RTNM 351 | Principles of Nuclear Medicine I | 4 |
RTNM 351L | Principles of Nuclear Medicine I Laboratory | 1 |
Winter Quarter | ||
RTCH 387 | Writing for Health-Care Professionals | 3 |
RTNM 352 | Principles of Nuclear Medicine II | 4 |
RTNM 352L | Principles of Nuclear Medicine II Laboratory | 1 |
RTNM 353 | Nuclear Medicine Procedures I | 2 |
RTNM 353L | Nuclear Medicine Procedures Laboratory | 1 |
RTNM 364 | Nuclear Medicine Statistics | 3 |
RTNM 430 | Clinical Affiliation Introduction | 1 |
Spring Quarter | ||
RTNM 354 | Nuclear Medicine Procedures II | 2 |
RTNM 354L | Nuclear Medicine Procedures II Laboratory | 1 |
RTNM 357 | Instrumentation I | 4 |
RTNM 357L | Instrumentation I Laboratory | 1 |
RTNM 361 | Radiopharmacy I | 3 |
RTNM 431 | Clinical Affiliation I | 2 |
Second Year | ||
Summer Quarter | ||
AHCJ 318 | Emotional Intelligence and Leadership Skills for Health-Care Professionals | 3 |
RTCH 305 | CT Fundamentals | 2 |
RTNM 358 | Instrumentation II | 4 |
RTNM 358L | Instrumentation II Laboratory | 1 |
RTNM 362 | Radiopharmacy II | 3 |
RTNM 432 | Clinical Affiliation II | 4 |
Autumn Quarter | ||
RELR 409 | Christian Perspectives on Death and Dying | 3 |
RTCH 385 | Radiologic Trends in Health Care | 2 |
RTNM 363 | Nuclear Cardiology | 3 |
RTNM 433 | Clinical Affiliation III | 4 |
RTSI 3671 | Cross-sectional Radiographic Anatomy | 2 |
RTSI 369 | CT Physics | 2 |
Winter Quarter | ||
RELT 436 | Adventist Heritage and Health | 2 |
RTCH 489 | Effective Communication for Supervisors | 3 |
RTNM 355 | PET/CT | 2 |
RTNM 366 | Medical Informatics | 1 |
RTNM 434 | Clinical Affiliation IV | 4 |
RTSI 364 | CT Patient Care and Procedures | 2 |
Spring Quarter | ||
RTCH 415 | Radiation Emergency Procedures | 3 |
RTCH 485 | Digital Management in Radiology | 3 |
RTNM 421 | Comprehensive Review of Nuclear Medicine I | 3 |
RTNM 435 | Clinical Affiliation V | 4 |
Third Year | ||
Summer Quarter | ||
RTCH 467 | Management of a Radiologic Service | 3 |
RTCH 4921 | Portfolio II | 3 |
RTNM 422 | Comprehensive Review of Nuclear Medicine II | 3 |
RTNM 436 | Clinical Affiliation VI | 4 |
Total Units: | 129 |
Fulfills service learning requirement
A minimum grade of C (2.0) is required for all courses in this program.
Four (4) years — Based on full-time enrollment, a student who is a radiologic technologist (ARRT) completes the LLU portion of the program in eight (8) quarters (24 months). A student who is not a radiologic technologist (Non-ARRT) starts one quarter earlier and will complete in nine (9) quarters (27 months).
See the comparison of the ARRT certified students and Non-ARRT certified students tracks of this program.
RTNM 351. Principles of Nuclear Medicine I. 4 Units.
Covers the historical developments that led to the field of nuclear medicine. Describes the structure of the atom and the factors that make an atom radioactive. Reviews the laws of physics; periodic chart of the elements; and the trilinear chart of the nuclides, radioactive decay, radionuclide production, and quality control of radiopharmaceuticals.
RTNM 351L. Principles of Nuclear Medicine I Laboratory. 1 Unit.
A laboratory course that emphasizes the material presented in RTNM 351. Structure of the atom, radioactive decay, radionuclide production.
RTNM 352. Principles of Nuclear Medicine II. 4 Units.
Includes the model of the atom, as well as electromagnetic and particle radiation. Lists the types of radioactive decay, along with the radiation interactions with matter. Defines terms that are specific to radioactive decay and performs calculations used in nuclear medicine for pre- and postcalibration of radionuclides.
RTNM 352L. Principles of Nuclear Medicine II Laboratory. 1 Unit.
A laboratory course that emphasizes the material presented in RTNM 352. Electromagnetic and particle radiations, radioactive decay interactions, and calculations.
RTNM 353. Nuclear Medicine Procedures I. 2 Units.
Addresses nuclear medicine procedures used to image, diagnose, and treat disease with radiopharmaceuticals. Identifies use of radionuclides to image the endocrine, cardiovascular, respiratory, and skeletal systems. Includes patient preparation for scans, routes of administration of radiopharmaceuticals, methods of localization for organ imaging, radiopharmacy, and quality control.
RTNM 353L. Nuclear Medicine Procedures Laboratory. 1 Unit.
A laboratory course that emphasizes the material presented in RTNM 353.
RTNM 354. Nuclear Medicine Procedures II. 2 Units.
Addresses nuclear medicine procedures used to image, diagnose, and treat disease with radiopharmaceuticals. Identifies use of radionuclides to image the endocrine, cardiovascular, respiratory, and skeletal systems. Includes patient preparation for scans, routes of administration of radiopharmaceuticals, methods of localization for organ imaging, radiopharmacy, and quality control.
RTNM 354L. Nuclear Medicine Procedures II Laboratory. 1 Unit.
A laboratory course that emphasizes the material presented in RTNM 354.
RTNM 355. PET/CT. 2 Units.
Covers the radionuclides, radiopharmaceuticals, and contrast agents used for PET/CT imaging. Topics include: localization, indications, method of administration, standard dose range, quality control, contraindications, patient history, patient preparation, equipment, technical considerations.
RTNM 356. Positron Emission Tomography. 2 Units.
Student learns the fundamental physics, instrumentation, and radionuclide requirements of positron emission tomography (PET).
RTNM 357. Instrumentation I. 4 Units.
Covers the auger/gamma scintillation camera, collimators and crystals used in nuclear medicine. Topics include: photomultiplier tubes, pulse height analyzer, resolution, count rate, field uniformity, Geiger-Mueller counter, ionization chambers, sodium iodide well counter, dose calibrator, image acquisition, matrix size, and filters.
RTNM 357L. Instrumentation I Laboratory. 1 Unit.
A laboratory course that emphasizes material presented in RTNM 357. Gamma camera components, dose calibrator, ionization chambers, and sodium iodide well counter.
RTNM 358. Instrumentation II. 4 Units.
Covers quality control of gamma cameras and dose calibrators. Topics include: data acquisition of single-photon emission computed tomography, image filtering, field uniformity assessment and correlation, X and Y gain calibration, and positron emission tomography.
RTNM 358L. Instrumentation II Laboratory. 1 Unit.
A laboratory course that emphasizes material presented in RTNM 358. Gamma camera quality control protocols, SPECT and CT images, and data acquisition.
RTNM 361. Radiopharmacy I. 3 Units.
Covers nuclear stability and decay, radionuclide production, radioactive decay, radionuclide generator systems, radionuclides, quality control, and legal requirements.
RTNM 362. Radiopharmacy II. 3 Units.
Covers the standard dose ranges, radioactive isotopes, decay tables, distribution, preparing kits, adverse reactions, and new radiopharmaceuticals.
RTNM 363. Nuclear Cardiology. 3 Units.
Covers the principles and clinical application of cardiac imaging. Topics include: patient preparation, radiopharmaceutical, localization of radiopharmaceutical, standard dose range, pharmaceutical stress protocol, exercise stress protocol, clinical applications of myocardial perfusion imaging, and image interpretation.
RTNM 364. Nuclear Medicine Statistics. 3 Units.
Covers the percent error or percent difference, counting rate determination, effects of background on counts, counting rates, standard deviation, and propagation of error.
RTNM 366. Medical Informatics. 1 Unit.
Covers information technology systems used in the health care setting. Reviews the importance of accurate documentation. Discusses the relevance of checking patient history and laboratory results using electronic medical/health record systems.
RTNM 421. Comprehensive Review of Nuclear Medicine I. 3 Units.
Reviews physics, instrumentation, procedures, imaging, and radiopharmaceutical theories in preparation for national registries.
RTNM 422. Comprehensive Review of Nuclear Medicine II. 3 Units.
Surveys selected topics in nuclear medicine. Procedure summaries, projects, literature reviews.
RTNM 430. Clinical Affiliation Introduction. 4 Units.
Serves as first in a series of seven consecutive courses completed during the program. Provides students with clinical experience working with staff technologists and physicians, performing the functions expected of a nuclear medicine technologist as well as the nuclear medicine procedures involved in patient care. Includes clinical assignments four days per week, eight hours per day.
RTNM 431. Clinical Affiliation I. 4 Units.
Second in a series of seven consecutive courses completed during the program. Provides students with clinical experience working with staff technologists and physicians, performing the functions expected of a nuclear medicine technologist and the nuclear medicine procedures involved in patient care. Clinical assignments four days per week, eight hours per day.
Prerequisite: RTNM 430.
RTNM 432. Clinical Affiliation II. 4 Units.
Third in a series of seven consecutive courses completed during the program. Provides students with clinical experience working with staff technologists and physicians, performing the functions expected of a nuclear medicine technologist as well as the nuclear medicine procedures involved in patient care. Includes clinical assignments four days per week, eight hours per day.
Prerequisite: RTNM 430, RTNM 431.
RTNM 433. Clinical Affiliation III. 4 Units.
Fourth in a series of seven consecutive courses completed during the program. Provides students with clinical experience working with staff technologists and physicians, performing the functions expected of a nuclear medicine technologist, as well as the nuclear medicine procedures involved in patient care. Clinical assignments four days per week, eight hours per day.
Prerequisite: RTNM 430, RTNM 431, RTNM 432.
RTNM 434. Clinical Affiliation IV. 4 Units.
Fifth in a series of seven consecutive courses completed during the program. Provides students with clinical experience working with staff technologists and physicians, performing the functions expected of a nuclear medicine technologist, as well as the nuclear medicine procedures involved in patient care. Clinical assignments four days per week, eight hours per day.
Prerequisite: RTNM 430, RTNM 431, RTNM 432, RTNM 433.
RTNM 435. Clinical Affiliation V. 4 Units.
Sixth of seven courses providing clinical experience working with staff technologists and physicians, performing the functions expected of a nuclear medicine technologist and nuclear medicine procedures involved in patient care. Clinical assignments four days per week, eight hours per day.
Prerequisite: RTNM 430, RTNM 431, RTNM 432, RTNM 433, RTNM 434.
RTNM 436. Clinical Affiliation VI. 4 Units.
Seventh of seven courses providing clinical experience working with staff technologists and physicians, performing the functions expected of a nuclear medicine technologist, and nuclear medicine procedures involved in patient care. Clinical assignments four days per week, eight hours per day.
Prerequisite: RTNM 430, RTNM 431, RTNM 432, RTNM 433, RTNM 434, RTNM 435.
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